Rotary blower or pump.



J. T. HOPE.

ROTARY BLOWER OR PUMP` APPLIGAToN FILED 1350.19, 1910.

aff

'UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN 'I'. HOPE, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOBi TO JOHN FRANCISHOPE, OF

` KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

i ROTARY BLOWER R PUMP.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1 1912.

pumps, and has for its object to produce.

mea'ns for producing a blast of air or for pumpin water or other liquid,which operates e v'cientlyand economically and is of simple, strong,durable and inexpensive construction.

With this object in view the invention consists in certain novel andpeculiar features of construction and organization as hereinafterdescribed and claimed; andin ordei` that it may be fully understood'reference is to be. had to the accompanying drawin s, in whichigure 1is a vertical section on the line I-I of Fig. 2,*with certain parts inelevation. Fig. 2, is a horizontal section on the line lI-II of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is' al transverse .section on the line III- I I of Fig. 1.

Referring first to the bloweror pump, 1

indicates a cylindrical casing provided at its ends with outturnedflanges 2, and at opposite points of its periphery with outwardlyprojecting receiving and discharging nozzles 3 and 4 respectively.

"The nozzles respectively communicate 35 with chambers 5 and' producedat the pe riphery of the casing by providing thc lat- 'ter with theoutwardly swelled portions 7 'and 8, respectively. The cylinder isprovided with V-shaped openings 9 and 10,

establishing communication between the interior of the cylinder andchambers o and 6 respectively. Thecylinder is also provided withopenings l1 and 12, also establishing communication between the interiorof the cylinder and chambers 5 and G, the openings -9 and 1l and 10 and12 being of such form and relation as to provide V-shaped bridges 13an'd 14, which respectively bridge chambers 5 and t5. The inner faces ofthe V- shaped bridges form a part of the inner face of the cylinder.

Adjacent to the nozzle 4, the cylinder is provided with an externalenlargement I5,

formed with a recess 16, communica-ting 455 with the interior of thecylinder. and f1tt-ing in said recess is a packing plate li' ot Babbittmetal or like material, a hard metal plate 18, fitting in the recess asa backing for the plate 17, and bearing against said hard metal platefor the purpose of advancing the same and plate 1T to compensate forwear of the-latter, is a pair of bolts 19 equipped with the :ustomaryloch' nuts Q0..

21 are the heads ot' the cylinder, provided with eccentric bearing hubs22, one of them closed at its outer end as shown in Fig. 2, and securedin said hubs are Babbitt metal or equivalent linings 23, bolts 24extendingy through the hubs and flanges 2 and securing the former firmlyin place.

25 is a key securing rigidly upon shaft 26 4titted in journals 23, arotary piston, consisting of a body and pivoted wings. The body issquare in outline and its faces fit with substantially air tight jointsagainst the inner faces of the heads 21.' At each corner the square bodyis provided with a hook 528, projecting in the direction in which thepiston is adapted to rotate, and the outer edges of the hooks for almosttheir full length are curved on lincslstruclt from the center of theshaft, so that each of said curvedperipheries of the hooks, once in eachrevolution of the piston shall engage the packing plate 17 with anair-tight. relation;

Q9 indicates the wings, dat at their inner sides and curved at theirouter sides and of suoli proportion that their outer surfaces shall,when the wings are closed, constitute a continuation of the curved linesdescribed by the curved outer surfaces ot the hooks. It will thus beunderstood that when all ot the hooks are closed` the. piston forms aperfeet circle arranged eccentrically with relation to the cylindricalcasing.

The 'wings are provided at their rear ends with cylindrical portions 30constituting pivot pins snugly engaged by the hooks and are formed withcurved recesses 31 receiving the free ends or terminals of said hooks.

Assuming that the blower or pump i" to be driven in the directionindicated by the arrow, it will be seen that the wings' begin to moveoutward by centrifugal force as they successively pass the packing plate17, which is nearer thc axis ot' motion than any other point in theperiphery of the cylinder, and that they continue to open until theyreach a point diametrically opposite the plate, after which they aregraduallyreclosed. the

engagement with the inner side of the eylindrical casin regulating andcontrolling the position o? the blades. As the blades sweep over thebridge 13, they produce a suction in nozzle 3, for any desiredpurpose,though in practice the blower is used chiefly as a part of a vacuumcleaning system, and receives the air after the dirt has been washedfrom the same by passing it through the water of'a tank or otherwise;the air sucked into the blower being discharged through the openings 10and 12, chan'iber 6 and, nozzle 4, the bridge 14, covering chamber (i,effecting the closure of the wings without interfering with thedischarge of the air into chamber 6 and thence through nozzle 4.

It will be apparent that the provision of bridges over openings 5 and 6is necessary for the proper operation of the blower, and the V-shapedbridge extending for the full length of the chamber bridged isparticularly desirable as it provides a wearing surface upon which eachwing will bear during its progress over the corresponding chamber.Because of this the wear on the wings is uniform, and it will beunnecessary toremove them from time to time grinding.

In-actual practice the wings open and close noiselessly and this is dueprincipally to the fact that the air interposed between each wing andthe corresponding flat side of the body constitutes a cushion, though ithas been found in practice that the lubricating oil with which thecylinder is kept charged, accumulates on the adjacent faces ofthe bodyand the wings in such a manner that it forms an etfective sound deadenerfor the closing movements of the wings.

In a twelve inch blower, the actual line of Contact between thecircumferential wall of the cylinder and the periphery of the body ofthe piston will approximate one-sixtyfourth of an inch though to the eyethe line of contact is very much in excess of the width mentioned. Toproduce a blower therefore which embraces as essential elements acylinder and a circular piston, it has always been desirable that thelatter shall have no peripheral groove or recess which is as wide as theline of contact heretofore mentioned otherwise the air can bypass fromthe receiving nozzle to the'discharging nozzle and as a result air andpower is not only wasted but the blower operatesless etiiciently than itshould because it. discharges the air with a pulsating instead of acontinuous action. In my construction it will be understood that theprovision ofthe body portion with inturned hooks and the wings withrecesses into which said hooks fit snugly provides no peripheralrecesses or grooves of the character menfor retioncd, that is to say,the recesses or grooves are represented by thin lines or joints of lesswidth than the line of contact between the body of the piston and thecircumferential portion of the cylinder. Because of this air cannotby-pass in a direction opposite to the rotation of the piston, from thereceiving nozzle to the discharging nozzle each time one of theperipheral joints between a wing and hook coincides with thc point ofthe circumferential portion of the cylinder nearest the axis of thepiston, whereas with all other blowers of the general type underconsideration which have come under my observation, there is a by-passaction under the conditions named.

In practice each blower is equipped with an oil reservoir 32, avalve-controlled pipe 33 leading from the lower part of the reservoir tochamber 5 of the blower. The upper end of the reservoir is provided withan opening 34 communicating with the discharge nozzle of the blower anddepending from the upper part of the blower is a pan. tltion 35, vso asto form an inclosed chamber 36 communicating with the lower part of thereservoir, and a surrounding chamber 37, which communicates with opening34, chamber 37 being partitioned from the lower part of t-he reservoirby horizontal partition 38 connecting the lower end of partition 35 withthe wall of the receptacle, and said bottom is provided with an opening39 communicating with the lower art of the reservoir, 'said lower partbeing adapted to contain oil and having a. gage 40`to indicate ataglance the quantity of oil. The top of the reservoir is provided with anormally -closed oil feed opening 41, and an opening 42, through whichthe air discharged into the reservoir by the blower, escapes. to theescape pipe 43, ordinarily fitted in said opening 42Vand leading to apoint where it is convenient to permit the air to escape into theatmosphere.

In practice, the operation of the blower etects a continuous circulationof the lubricant as well as the air as will be readily understood, itbeing obvious that the air and lubricant is discharged into the branchedpassage 37, and passes thence t. .wn through opening 39 into the lowerpart of the reservoir where the oil stands at the desired level, the airfollowing the course indicated by the arrows and escaping upward through20 the pipe 43 as will be readily understood.

It will be apparent of co1.'se that this blower or pump will operate aseffectively with a liquid as with a fluid and may be employed forpumping Water or oil as well as air.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced apump or blower possessing the features of advantage enumerated asdesirable and I wish it to be understood that I reserve the right tomake all changes properly falling within the spirit and scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

l. A rotary blower or pump comprising a cylindrical casing, providedwith an inlet nozzle and an outlet nozzle, a rotary piston arrangedeccentrically within the cylinder and consisting of a substantiallyrectangular body having at cach corner thereof, a p0rlion [')rojcctingin the direction in which the piston turns and terminating in aninturncd hook forming in conjunction with the body a transverselyextending cylindrical journal opening, thc peripheral portions of thehooks being struck from thc center of Ithe body and cachfhook adaptenonce in each revolution of thc latter, to engage the inner side of thccircumferential portion of the cylindcrwith an air-tight relation at thepoint olf the latterncarest the axis of the body, and wings having hingeportions fitting in thc journal openings and curved at their oncr orperipheral sidesand adapted once in' cach revolution to be forcedinwardly :rgano-1l. the body and while in such position loi-in al theirouter sides a continuation of tho pcriplicral surface of the adjacent,for warllly projecting portions ofthe body; said wings alA their hingedor heel ends having transvorfai recesses curving concentrically of llicaxis ot thc adjacent journal openings of tlm body and snugly receivingthe inturned hooks olf the latter.

A rotary blower or pump colnprising a "U cylindrical casing having areceiving nozzle and a discharge nozzle and formed in its periphery withoutwardly swelled portions providing chambers communicating with4 saidnotches and with Vshaped bridges between said chamber and t-he chamberof the casing the inner faces of the bridges orming a part of the innersurface of the periphery of the casing and a rotary piston consisting ofa substantially rectangular body and four peripheral wings thereforarranged at equal distances apart and when closed against the bodyconstituting with the saine a circular piston the same being arrangedeccentricall'y within the casing, the body at each corner having aforwardly projecting portion terminating 'in an inturned hook forming inconjunction with the body a transversely extending cylindrical journalopening, the peripheral portions of the.

hooks being struck from the center 'of' the body and cach adapted oncein each revolution ot' the latter to engage the inner side of thccircumferential portion of the cylinder with an air-tight relation atthe point of the latter nearest the axis of the body,

the said wings having hinge portions fitting in said journal openingsand external recesses snugly receiving the inturned hooks of the body.

In testimony whereof I affix rnysignature, in the presence of twoWitnesses.

l JOHN T. HOPE. Witnesses HELEN C. Rooonns, G. Y. Tnonrn.

